论行政功能保留———以德国核能规制为论域

核能规制给行政法带来了重大挑战,行政合法性、行政规则的效力和司法审查的立场都需要予以重新诠释.行政功能保留体现了德国核能规制的权力配置模式,具体表现为开放的法律结构、行政规则的规范具体化效力和司法机关对判断余地的承认.其理论基础包括功能法正当原则、核能法任务履行和实现目的方面的特殊性以及行政权在核能规制中的功能优势.我国需要构建立法推动的核能规制权力模式,在确定基本预防要求的同时坚持开放的法律结构,提升行政规则的正当性,通过法律明晰基本的司法审查标准,避免简单地照搬判断余地理论.     

Africa–India nuclear cooperation: Pragmatism,principle, post-colonialism and the Pelindaba Treaty

The United States–India nuclear agreement, announced in 2005, was a first step in the process to normalise India's international nuclear relations despite the fact that India is not a party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Africa is largely seen as a uranium supplier rather than nuclear power producer in the world nuclear order. The position that African states take towards Africa–India nuclear cooperation, uranium supply to India in particular, is informed by two seemingly contrasting factors, namely economic and political pragmatism on the one hand, and non-proliferation imperatives and norms on the other. The African Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Treaty, also referred to as the Pelindaba Treaty, prohibits uranium and nuclear-related exports to states without comprehensive safeguards of their nuclear facilities, but the case of India is still open for interpretation. Africa and India's shared post-colonial consciousness, manifesting in their historical ties, membership of the Non-Aligned Movement and South–South cooperation, is often regarded as another factor facilitating Africa–India nuclear relations. A more critical view points to the different notions of post-coloniality in Africa and India, resulting in different approaches to nuclear non-proliferation that constrain their nuclear relations.     

Nuclear Literature of the Japanese Writers without the Experiences of Radiation Exposurewith Black Rain and Saikai Nuclear Power Station as Examples

Ibuse Masuji and Inoue Mituharu are two active post-war literary writers of Japan and received great attention all because of their works with the theme of Nuclear. Neither of them has experienced the radiation exposure, but respectively created Black Rain and Saikai Nuclear Power Station. These two writers, without suffering the radiation exposure, to some extent, express their beautiful wishes and eagerness for world peace by writing these two works.     

On Improvement of China＇s Criminal Legal System for Nuclear Pollution

日本福岛核危机再次表明，核污染一旦发生就危害巨大，因此，核安全保障体系必须奠基于“防患于未然”理念之上。由此观之，我国《刑法》在核污染的应对上尚存诸多缺陷：从形式角度来看，未能与《放射性污染防治法》有效衔接；从实质角度来看，未能突破末端应对中心主义的思维惯性；此外，对于证明行为人主观意图方面的困难也未能有效解决。作为因应，设立核污染源头控制环节的抽象危险犯和过失犯实属必要。     

论政府对现代企业的法制监管——以日本核泄漏案为例

随着全球经济一体化以及区域经济集团化的纵深发展,市场经济已促使各国政府与企业的关系日益密切。这一密切的联系是建立在目标统一以及兼有冲突与合作特征的职能分离基础之上的。日本核泄漏事件引出了突发事件背后隐藏的日本政府与民营企业之间官商勾结、监管失控等重大问题,对目前我国如何正确处理政企关系,明确各监管部门的职责,充分发挥市场自由竞争及政府的调控作用,制定配套的法律来弥补监管漏洞等具有重要的警示作用。     

朝核问题视角下的东北亚安全

冷战后,自从朝核问题出现以来,东北亚的安全局势发生了巨大的变化,朝核问题已然成为东北亚安全的焦点与核心。基于东北亚的区域特点和安全形势,朝核问题的地区解决方式应该是比较稳妥、长远、符合现实的,同时需要地区内主要大国的推动以及双边与多边机制的结合,重要的是在区域的核心点上将朝鲜纳入国际社会的发展轨道。然后,在这些原则基础上去探索东北亚安全机制建构的路径。     

社会主义核心价值体系：思想政治教育内容的新发展

党的十六届六中全会提出“建设社会主义核心价值体系”的科学论断，社会主义核心价值是社会主义和谐文化的核心价值。它以科学的体系，对思想政治教育起了明确核心教育内容的重要意义，并使教育内容体系更加系统化。以社会主义核心价值体系来优化思想政治教育的内容，较之当前思想政治教育内容，有诸多的优点。     

Analysis of carbohydrates in seized heroin using capillary electrophoresis

Illicitly produced heroin is commonly cut with carbohydrates to increase bulk. The analysis of these solutes is important for legal and intelligence purposes. A capillary electrophoresis (CE) method was developed for the qualitative analysis of dextrose, lactose, sucrose, inositol, and mannitol in heroin exhibits. For this method, a 64 cm (55.5 cm to detector window) by 50 mum capillary was used with the Agilent Basic Anion Buffer modified to pH 12.1. This separation was performed at 25 degrees C with a voltage of 20 kV and indirect detection with 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid as the visualization reagent. The methodology is also applicable for the screening of inorganic and organic anions using indirect detection, and acidic adulterants using direct detection. For a run time of 13 min, the relative standard deviation (n = 6) of the methodology was better than 0.36% for migration times and less than 2.6% for corrected peak areas. For the analysis of carbohydrates and acidic adulterants in seized heroin, excellent agreement was obtained between CE and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.     

Will the Government Catch the Wind?

The government's Renewable Obligation system aims to supply 10 per cent of UK electricity from renewable sources by 2010. Although the headlines suggest that planning controversies hamper these objectives, by the summer of 2004 enough capacity had been given planning consent to supply 4 per cent of UK electricity from new renewable energy sources. Enough renewable capacity to supply 7 per cent of UK electricity from renewables will probably be operational by 2010. The bulk of this is coming from onshore wind power, especially based in Scotland, and also offshore wind power. The offshore schemes are more expensive and need additional support outside the Renewable Obligation. The Conservatives have promised to bring in planning curbs for onshore wind power. There is pressure for more nuclear power, but this is likely to be impossible to finance without a very large subsidy from the Department of Trade and Industry.     

Perception and Politics in Intelligence Assessment: U.S. Estimates of the Soviet and "Rogue-State" Nuclear Threats

United States estimates of Soviet nuclear goals and capabilities and the current "rogue-state" nuclear threat reflected prevailing beliefs about threat within the U.S. government and the relative influence of agencies charged with threat assessment. This article establishes that the patterns in formal Soviet threat assessment: (i) did not reflect a uniform response to "external threat," (ii) were inevitably tied to underlying assumptions about adversary intent, and (iii) were susceptible then to perceptual, organizational, and/or political influences within government. Thus, threat assessments reflected the optimism and pessimism—and political interests and ideologies—of those who participated in the estimating process. The article concludes by examining these lessons in light of the experiences and challenges of assessing threat from small states harboring nuclear ambitions.